Are there other treatments for autoimmune

This page: What is autoimmune hepatitis? Autoimmune hepatitis affects the liver. Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease in which the body's immune system attacks liver cells. This immune lasix online no prescription response causes inflammation of the liver, also called hepatitis. Researchers believe that genetic factors may make some people more susceptible to autoimmune diseases. About 70 percent of those with autoimmune hepatitis are women. The disease is usually quite serious and if not treated, gets worse over time. Autoimmune hepatitis is usually chronic, meaning it can last for years and can lead to cirrhosis, scarring and strengthening the liver. Finally, hepatic failure may result. Autoimmune hepatitis is classified as type 1 or type 2. Type 1 is the most common form in North America. This can happen at any age but often begins in adolescence or early adulthood. About half of those with type 1 has other autoimmune diseases such as proliferative glomerulonephritis

, inflammation of blood vessels in the kidney

thyroiditis, inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland

Graves, the main cause of symptoms of hyperactivity thyroid

Sjgren, in a syndrome that causes dry eyes and mouth, autoimmune anemia

ulcerative colitis, an inflammation of colon and rectum causes ulcers

type 2 autoimmune hepatitis is less common, usually a applies to girls aged 2 to 14, although adults may be it too. [What is autoimmune disease? One of the objectives of the immune system is to protect the body against viruses, bacteria and other organisms.

The immune system normally does not react against its own cells. However, sometimes attacks the cells it should protect, it is called autoimmune response. Researchers believe that some bacteria, viruses, toxins, drugs cause the immune response in people genetically susceptible to development of autoimmune disorders. [What are the symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis? Fatigue is probably the most common symptom of autoimmune hepatitis. Other symptoms include spider angiomas

, or abnormal blood vessels in the skin

People in the later stages of disease are more likely to have symptoms associated with chronic liver disease, such as fluid in the abdomen, also called ascites and confusion. Women may stop having menstrual periods >>. Symptoms << autoimmune hepatitis range from mild to severe. A severe viral hepatitis or hepatitis caused by drugs such as some antibiotics, have the same symptoms as autoimmune hepatitis, tests may be necessary for accurate diagnosis. Physicians should also consider the exclusion of all medications the patient takes to the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. [How autoimmune hepatitis diagnosed? The doctor diagnoses based on symptoms, blood tests and liver biopsy. Blood tests. Routine blood tests for liver enzymes can help identify the typical pattern of hepatitis, but further research, especially for autoantibodies, necessary for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system to fight bacteria and viruses. Autoantibodies attack the body cells. In autoimmune hepatitis, the immune system makes one or more types of autoantibodies. The most common are anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) and antibodies to liver and kidney microsomes (anti-LKM). People with type 1 diabetes in ANA, SMA, or both, and people with type 2 diabetes with anti-LKM. Blood tests also help distinguish autoimmune hepatitis from other diseases that are similar to it, such as viral hepatitis B or C, or metabolic diseases such as Wilson disease. Liver biopsy. Tiny sample of liver tissue, examined under a microscope could help doctors to put an accurate diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis and tell how it seriously. This procedure is performed in an outpatient hospital or surgical facility. [How to treat autoimmune hepatitis? Treatment works best when autoimmune hepatitis is diagnosed early. With proper treatment, autoimmune hepatitis, usually under control. In fact, studies show that sustained response to treatment stops the disease from getting worse and may negate some damage. The main treatment medicine to suppress or slow down an overactive immune system. Both types of autoimmune hepatitis are treated with daily doses of corticosteroid called prednisone. Treatment may begin with a high dose of 30 to 60 mg per day and be reduced to 10 to 20 mg per day, as the disease under control. The goal is to find the lowest dose that will control the disease. Other drugs, azathioprine (Imuran) is also used to treat autoimmune hepatitis. Like prednisone, azathioprine suppresses the immune system, but different. Treatment may begin with both azathioprine and prednisone, azathioprine, or can be added later when the disease is under control. The use of azathioprine allows lower doses of prednisolone, which, in turn, reduces the effect predisone side. In seven out of 10 people, the disease goes into remission for 3 years from start of treatment. Remission is when the symptoms disappear and lab tests showed improvement of liver function. Some people may eventually discontinue treatment, although many will see the return of the disease. People who stop treatment should carefully monitor their condition and promptly report any new symptoms to the doctor. Treatment with low doses of prednisolone or azathioprine may be necessary on and off for years, if not for life. Some people with milder forms of the disease do not have to take medication. Doctors assess each patient individually to determine those with mild autoimmune hepatitis should undergo treatment. [What are the side effects of prednisolone and azathioprine? Both prednisone and azathioprine have side effects. Because high doses of prednisone are often needed to control autoimmune hepatitis, managing side effects is very important. However, most side effects appear only after a long period of time. thinning bones, a condition called osteoporosis

azathioprine may reduce white blood cells, and sometimes causes nausea and anorexia. Rare side effects: allergic reactions, liver damage, pancreatitis, which is an inflammation of the pancreas with severe abdominal pain. [Are there other treatments for autoimmune hepatitis available? People who do not respond to standard immunotherapy or who have serious side effects may benefit from other immunosuppressive drugs, such as mycophenylate mofetylu, cyclosporine or tacrolimus. People who progress to end-stage liver disease, also called liver failure or liver cirrhosis may require liver transplantation. Transplantation of a 1-year survival rate is 90 percent and 5-year survival ranges from 70 to 80 percent. [Autoimmune hepatitis is a long-term disease in which the body's immune system attacks liver cells. The disease is diagnosed through various blood tests and liver biopsy. With proper treatment, autoimmune hepatitis, usually under control. The main treatment drug that suppresses an overactive immune system. [Scientists are studying various aspects of autoimmune hepatitis to find out who gets and why and to discover better ways of treatment. Fundamental research on the immune system will expand knowledge of autoimmune diseases in general. Epidemiological studies help doctors understand what causes autoimmune hepatitis in some people. Research the different steroids, alternatives to steroids and other immunosuppressants will eventually lead to more effective treatment. [American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases 1001 North Fairfax, Suite 400

Alexandria, VA 22314

E-mail: Internet: American Liver Foundation 75 Maiden Lane, Suite 603

New York, NY 10038 - 4810

Phone: 1-800-GO-LIVER (465-4837), 1-888-4HEP-USA (443-7872) or 212-668-1000

E-mail: Internet: [ Bethesda, MD 208923570

E-mail: Internet: National Digestive Diseases Information Clearing (NDDIC) is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes, gastrointestinal and renal diseases (NIDDK). NIDDK is part of the National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Founded in 1980, the Clearinghouse provides information about diseases of the digestive system of people with digestive disorders and their families, health professionals and the public. NDDIC answers the question, develops and distributes publications, and works closely with professional and patient organizations and Government agencies to coordinate resources about digestive diseases. Publications on the Clearinghouse are carefully reviewed both scientists and outside experts NIDDK. This publication has been reviewed by

Willis Maddrey, MD, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, and Edward Krawitt, MD, University of Vermont College of Medicine. This publication is not copyrighted. Information Center encourages users of this publication may copy and distribute as many copies as needed. NIH Publication № 08-4761

[

Preparations are in different wells, &quot;explains ...

Osteoporosis patients may soon be able uhrobyty daily injection pens for implanted microchip that releases the drug by pressing remote control button. clinical trial in a group of seven women with osteoporosis in protest of Denmark is the first wireless controlled microchips that can release drugs in the body at any time. women were 19 and 20 doses in court, but scientists have discussed plans to develop the chip, which provides 365 days is "medicine. microchip drug release on command from an external device wireless. This control system receives the medication into the bloodstream faster, similar injections. "Doctors will be able to adjust treatment of their patients via computer or mobile phone," said Robert Farra, president and CEO of microchips Inc, a company that for the device. Farra is a co-author, along with colleagues from MIT, Harvard Medical School, OnDemand Therapy Inc, and Case Western Reserve University. The authors believe that the microchip can be a better alternative for long-term use of daily injections filled pens. Patients with severe osteoporosis often have to give yourself daily injections of drugs that require refrigeration. Along with the psychological burden of daily injections, the elderly may be arthritis or other health problems that make the injection physically difficult. Since osteoporosis is a "silent" diseaseaffected people do not feel better or worse, as their bone density decreasesmany patients simply stop taking medication to avoid the hassles of daily injections. Implant can help circumvent the high landing on compliance with the patient, Farra said. about the size of the pacemaker, device includes daily dose into the tiny holes that appear open or pre-programmed schedule or wireless signal. "Drugs are in different wells," says Robert Langer, professor of chemical and biomedical engineering at MIT. "Each of these wells covered with nano-thin layer of gold, which protects the drug for years, if necessary, and does not prevent him from being released. "Send wireless signal and leads to gold dissolved, releasing medication into the bloodstream. In order to adapt Microchip Technology for human use, the team first had to come up with a way to seal each bag to be sealed at room temperature. They developed a special welding process of compression designed to provide long-term seal. Researchers have also developed a gold layer that is strong enough to protect the contents of each tank, but very thin to dissolve the team. Researchers are developing chips with wells to maintain milligram dose of medication, because most drugs that can be delivered to the device will need a small dose, potent drugs. Despite the ability of the microchip to deliver drugs in the laboratory, fibrous collagen-based membrane usually develop around the device once it has been implanted in animals. Researchers were concerned that fibrous tissue can potentially slow the absorption of the drug. Researchers implanted microchip just below the waist in seven women aged 65 to 70 years. Tracing women over 12 months, the team showed that the implant is delivered osteoporosis drug teriparatide (Forteo) as lasix drug dose effectively as daily injections. fibrous membranes made an appearance around the device, but it does not interfere with drug delivery and was "pretty thin, so read the label through a microchip," Farra said. Treatment improved bone formation and reduces the risk of fractures, as evidenced by the presence of signaling biochemical markers of bone formation, bone mass and bone resorption. " And much less deviation from dose to dose than injections, "Long said," so it's safer and more effective in this regard. "

Farra said that the cost of devices, drugs, and implementation procedures are, the osteoporosis drug would be compared with the price of an annual value of the injection Forteo. The company hopes to make the device available for the primary treatment of osteoporosis for five years. At the same time, they see many other uses for this device, including using it to deliver multiple drugs simultaneously, and weaning the patient off certain medications, releasing various concentrations of the drug for. time, or even replace life vaccination injections from one chip research appeared in Science Translational Medicine Released. February 16, 2012

Source: P

Hillard said.

Immune system response Source: and other neurodegenerative diseases, without causing high drug >> << previous survey results indicate. These compounds are plants that are very interesting, said

study author Dr. Cecilia Hillard, associate professor of pharmacology at the Medical College

Wisconsin in Milwaukee. Hillard and colleagues studied rat microglial cells

are immune cells in the brain. At the head or spinal cord feels

infection or injury, these cells are directed into the zone of destruction to wipe

debris of dead tissue. However, they can also lead to loss of nerve cells

encouraging excessive inflammation. Microglia is a double edged sword as, Hillard said. When

, they are hyperactive, they are a bunch of abominations that start killing

cells as neurons. Doctors are looking for ways to combat this immune system response that can also worsen

stroke, Alzheimer's and AIDS-related dementia. Marijuana is thought to help some patients to smoke for this purpose. The problem is that the drug has a mind and can reduce the effects

immunity that can be dangerous for people with AIDS and others who already have purchase lasix

immune system disorders.

Actions put marijuana in the merit of his most famous ingredients

tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). In the new study, researchers found that THC and the other two compounds, KB

and CBN markedly suppressed cell proliferation of rat microglia in the laboratory. But unlike THC, CBD and CBN do not bind to specific cellular receptors that

known to cause unwanted side effects, Hillard reported on Sunday in

Annual Meeting of Experimental Biology. The results raise the possibility that doctors may one day give patients

these isolated compounds to help reduce neurodegenerative diseases involving overactive microglia

, but much more research must first she said. These chemicals are likely to slow this process hyperactive, so

if you could treat people with this hyperactive system, you could

reduce neurotoxicity, Hillard said. Physicians should be aware that kannabinoyidy that come from marijuana

will have an impact on immune cells, Hillard said. And they should warn patients

with weakened immune systems that smoking marijuana for medicinal

can lower immune function, she said. Published: Monday, April 14, 2003

Website: Contact:.

British based team chiroscience group ...

Scientists believe that they can be traced back to a defective gene that can act as a switch for the immune system. British based team in Chiroscience Group Plc said that I have found a defective gene in mice that may control the immune system. This discovery could have serious consequences for the production of drugs to combat several diseases such as cancer and AIDS. The gene, known as a bloom covered, is in most people, but not defective in form. Researchers believe that this is because the gene causes such severe reactions that some of them die before they were born. Mice with the gene do not live long. All of their immune system begins to attack everything in your body. Cancer Bob Jackson, Director of Research Chiroscience, said: "We have checked that this gene is a virtual" off switch "for the immune lasix 80 mg system."

Researchers believe it may be used to control and diseases that attack the immune system break down, and those that enhance it so that it begins to eat itself. In diseases such as cancer, immune system is weakened and needs to be created. But in autoimmune diseases such as arthritis rheuamatoid, the immune system begins to attack healthy cells and pathogenic them. The results were announced on research and development meeting in London, but so far not been an expert evaluation of other scientists. Researchers say they need to do a lot of work before they can find ways to use information to produce drugs that can enhance or mitigate the immune system. .

Alveoli, then blown away as the air clears ...

Quitting smoking can help reduce the pain caused by emphysema. Emphysema Treatment usually involves a combination of medicine, surgery and additional oxygen to relieve symptoms and prevent complications. Emphysema is the most common cause of death among respiratory diseases, according to. About two million people in the United States emphysema with men in the 61 percent of these cases. Typically, progressive disease that develops slowly, and most patients at least 50 years old when they are diagnosed. The most common cause of emphysema is smoking, but a small percentage of cases due to genetic mutation that results in failure to synthesize a protein called alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT). This form of emphysema develops more rapidly than otherwise, and may begin to cause symptoms while patients are still in the 30's. When you inhale air moves down the trachea and small airways called bronchi. These airways are the branches that lead to millions of small air sacs called alveoli. Bronchioles and alveoli are usually very elastic and expand as a balloon as they fill with air. Alveoli, then blown away as the air flows during exhalation. Emphysema occurs when the alveoli and bronchioles lose their elasticity and restrict airflow. Bronchioles may fall, which prevents the alveoli from compression entirely. This can lead to enlargement of the alveoli too much and break, leading to shortness of breath characteristic of emphysema. According to, antibiotics can be used against respiratory infections, which are usually a result of emphysema, such as acute bronchitis, influenza and pneumonia. These infections makes breathing more difficult and increase the amount of mucus produced. Broad spectrum antibiotic may be most effective, as they emit a broad spectrum of bacteria, but should be used with caution as they may also increase the number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. The annual flu shot and pneumonia shot once in five years after the age of 65 is usually recommended for all patients with respiratory disorders such as emphysema. Bronchodilators open the narrowed airways and is most effective in the treatment of asthma, although they can also help relieve wheezing, coughing and dyspnea associated with emphysema. These drugs include:

Inhaled anticholinergic agents such as ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), block the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and causes bronchial muscles to relax. Inhaled beta-sympathomimetic drugs such as salbutamol or terbutalin, mimic the effects of natural substances. Corticosteroids can be inhaled to relieve symptoms of emphysema caused by asthma and bronchitis. Inhaled steroids are not as many side effects as oral steroids, but prolonged use can still cause high blood pressure, bone weakness, cataracts and diabetes. Infusions AAT may slow the progression of emphysema in humans with an inherited form of emphysema. Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is used to treat severe emphysema by removing small wedges of the most painful parts of the lungs. Although it may seem paradoxical to treat pulmonary dysfunction by removing lung tissue, which creates more space in the chest cavity, which allows remaining healthy tissue lung expansion easier and easier to breathe. According, LVRS involves removing 20 to 30 percent of damaged lungs and can be executed under common anesthesia as thoracoscopy, thoracotomy or sternotomy. Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that requires only one inch long incision, but can effectively treat any part of the lung. Three incisions are made on the side of the chest between the ribs. Miniature video camera, stapler and grasper inserted through the incisions. The most damaged areas of light and easy to cut closed with staples. The procedure is repeated for the other light, if necessary, and then sutured incisions. Thoracotomy performed in one easy when there are problems with thoracoscopy. One, five 12-mm long incision between two ribs and the ribs separated. Lung decreases, and muscle and skin closed seams. Sternotomy is performed in the treatment of upper lobes of both lungs is required. This is a more aggressive technique involves the creation of the incision through the sternum. After both lungs decreases breast connected together and the skin sutured. LVRS has a higher risk than heart surgery and is one of the highest risk procedures are performed selectively. In general, the prognosis for patients treated with emphysema LVRS and medical therapy is better in two years than the prognosis for patients who received only drug therapy. However, there is a significant subgroup of patients with worse prognosis after surgery. Leakage of air through the seams in the chest cavity is the most common complication, occurring in at least 50 percent of cases. The greatest danger from this side effect of air pressure may become too large and collapse the lungs. Pneumonia (19 percent of cases), especially in patients with previous entry >> << Supplemental oxygen at home may bring some relief to emphysema in patients with buy generic lasix low oxygen levels. This may increase the potential for the exercise and continue existence, but it can not reduce breathlessness. The doctor can be a portable oxygen cylinder, if the patient develops pulmonary hypertension. .

Eighty percent of patients with osteopenia ...

In many radiological departments conventional radiography has been replaced by digital radiography. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the visual detection of osteopenia / osteoporosis of digital and conventional radiographs. In 286 patients we retrospectively evaluate radiographs of the lumbar spine in two planes. One hundred and twenty eight patients were normal and 158 patients digital radiographs. Patients with existing fractures of the spine were excluded. Four experienced musculoskeletal radiologists were aware of the value of DXA and patients

age is estimated independently of bone density of the lumbar spines were normal or decreased. The results of dual X-ray densitometry served as standard reference. The limit for the diagnosis of osteopenia was T-scores less than 1SD according to WHO classification of osteoporosis. The sensitivity / specificity of 86% / 36% for conventional and 72% / 47% for digital radiography. Overall accuracy of diagnosis was 68% for conventional and 64% for digital radiography. Eighty percent of patients with osteopenia and 96% of patients with osteoporosis were correctly assessed as true positive results on conventional radiographs and 65% (osteopenia) and 82% (osteoporosis) in digital radiographs. Interobserver agreement was markedly lower digital (35%) than for conventional radiographs (73%). However, these differences were not statistically significant. There is no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of osteopenia / osteoporosis using digital and conventional radiographs, respectively. However, high interobserver variance on digital X-ray shows that the visual lasix buy online assessment of osteoporosis / osteopenia is problematic, which may be related to image processing and postprocessing algorithms that control the visual aspect of bone density. .

Inflammation and excess mucus &gt;&gt; &lt;&lt;

Most often the cause. Most people with >> << are long-term smokers, and

Research shows that smoking cigarettes increases the risk of COPD >> <<: >> << With each 100 long-term smokers, about 15 20 to start with symptoms of COPD.

This means that approximately 80 to 85 of 100 do not get the symptoms of COPD.

Some studies show that the

half of the long-term smokers older than 60 years receive COPD. Smoking tobacco, as well as increases the risk of COPD than smoking any of them. See. schedule how. COPD is often a combination of two

diseases: i. Both of these diseases caused by smoking >>. << Although you can either chronic or people >>

<< is often a mixture of both diseases. Almost all people with chronic bronchitis >> << are or were smokers of tobacco. Over time, tobacco smoke and other irritants

can cause inflammation in the airways of the lungs >> << (). As a result, the airways produce more

than usual. Inflammation and excess mucus >> << cough causes lasix 12 mg and reduce airways. It is hard to breathe

through narrow airways, so that you feel shortness of breath. Long-term (chronic) mucus production and inflammation over many years may

, damage the lungs and can make it more likely that you will get lung infections

. In emphysema, tobacco smoke and other annoying

may cause damage to elastic fibers in the lungs. These elastic threads, fabrics >> << are necessary for normal lung function. They allow the lung tissue during >> << when you breathe in and help pull the lungs back to normal >> << size and shape as you exhale. When the elastic fibers damaged:

tiny air sacs (alveoli) at the end of the bronchi >> << damaged. These air sacs where carbon

gas (a by-product) for oxygen. When air bags are damaged or

destroyed, their walls are destroyed and become big bags. These large air sacs

move less oxygen into the bloodstream. After air sacs are destroyed, they can not replace the

. The smaller airways in the lungs () is usually

collapse when you breathe out, capturing air in the alveoli. As a result

oxygen-rich air is having trouble entering the air sacs. But carbon dioxide is heavier

go easy. See photos and. Prolonged exposure to lung irritants, such as industrial dust and chemical

fumes. Premature labor, resulting in damage to the lungs (chronic newborns). Hereditary factors ()

including a rare condition in which >> << your body can not make enough protein (alpha-1 antitrypsin) that helps

protect the lungs from damage. People who have this disorder, but he smokes

usually start there are signs of emphysema at 30 or 40 years. Those

with this disorder, but do not smoke at all in their symptoms begin << 80 >>. .