Metabolism is lasix 4 mg divided into two broad categories. Catabolism or degradation
molecules usually involves the removal of electrons from molecules
(oxidation) and is usually accompanied by energy >>. << Anabolism, or the synthesis of complex molecules, usually involves
enrichment of molecules by electrons (reduction) and usually requires
cell to expend energy in the form of ATP. Reactions that give energy
such as most catabolic reactions are called ekzerhonicheskih, while those
required input energy, such as most
anabolic reactions are called enderhonicheskye. The main function of anabolic synthesis routes are four classes of macromolecules
necessary for cells: polysaccharides, nucleic acids and proteins. Although these four categories
chemically different, they synthesized the same general type
condensation reaction of synthesis of individual small units (monomers)
in macromolecules (polymers). In the condensation reaction, hydrogen atom
removed from the monomer and >> << hydroxyl groups with each other, forming water. The new link is formed between two monomers
, where the water has been removed:
such as nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA is synthesized from monomers
,, by condensation synthesis. Polysaccharides and proteins produced in
similarly to monomers, sugars and amino acids,
, respectively.
another. Unlike other macromolecules that
consist of long chains of monomer, most lipids are only three or four
different molecular units, the most important of which is a fatty acid. Fatty acids, which are not directly connected with each other, but joined
other molecules such as glycerol (for oils and fats). However, fatty acids
connected to the glycerine in the same reaction of dehydration, as
to other groups of macromolecules. On the back of condensation synthesis hydrolysis in which water molecules are added between two monomers,
breaking it and the division of monomers. One of the hydrogen from water >> << tied to one of the monomers and hydroxyl, which is
attached to another:
For example, nucleic acids decompose to monomers when the water
, inserted between individual nucleotide monomers, disrupting communications
who joins them. Hydrolysis reactions such as catabolic reactions
although they usually do not directly produce ATP, they nonetheless
production of monomers, which are often further Katabolizuye generate ATP. . << >>
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